The 2N2222A is a versatile NPN Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) designed for high-speed switching and general-purpose amplification. It is one of the most popular transistors used in Arduino projects, relay drivers, LED switching, motor control, RF circuits, signal amplification, and DIY electronics. The 2N2222A offers higher current handling than the BC547 series, making it suitable for a wide range of low- to medium-power applications.
Features
- Full Name: 2N2222A NPN General Purpose Transistor
- High-speed switching transistor
- High current capability
- Suitable for switching and amplification
- Low saturation voltage
- Compact TO-92 package
- Reliable and durable construction
- Low power consumption
- Easy integration into analog and digital circuits
- Widely used in educational and industrial applications
Specifications
| Specification | Value |
|---|---|
| Product Type | NPN Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) |
| Model | 2N2222A |
| Package | TO-92 |
| Collector-Emitter Voltage (VCEO) | 40V |
| Collector-Base Voltage (VCBO) | 75V |
| Emitter-Base Voltage (VEBO) | 6V |
| Maximum Collector Current (IC) | 600mA |
| Maximum Power Dissipation | 625mW |
| DC Current Gain (hFE) | 75–300 |
| Transition Frequency (fT) | Approx. 250 MHz |
| Operating Temperature | -55°C to +150°C |
Pin Configuration
When viewed from the flat side with the leads pointing downward (TO-92 package):
| Pin | Function |
|---|---|
| 1 | Emitter (E) |
| 2 | Base (B) |
| 3 | Collector (C) |
Note: Pin configuration may vary between manufacturers and package styles (plastic TO-92 or metal TO-18). Always verify the pinout of your specific 2N2222A before use.
Applications / Uses
- Relay driver circuits
- LED switching
- DC motor control
- Sensor interface circuits
- Signal amplification
- Arduino and ESP32 projects
- Oscillator circuits
- RF switching circuits
- Educational electronics
- DIY electronics projects
Advantages
- Higher current capability than BC547
- Fast switching speed
- Reliable operation
- Compact TO-92 package
- Suitable for both switching and amplification
- Low cost
- Widely available
- Easy to use
Size
| Specification | Value |
|---|---|
| Package Type | TO-92 |
| Body Width | Approx. 4.5 mm |
| Body Height | Approx. 5 mm |
| Overall Height (with leads) | Approx. 14 mm |
| Lead Pitch | 1.27 mm |
| Weight | Approx. 0.3 g |
Package Includes
- 1 × 2N2222A NPN General Purpose Transistor (TO-92)
Note: The 2N2222A can handle up to 600mA of collector current, making it suitable for driving relays, LEDs, buzzers, and small DC motors. Always use a base resistor when connecting it to a microcontroller, and add a flyback diode across inductive loads such as relays and motors to protect the transistor from voltage spikes.






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